![]() That's when modern technology came together to calculate both the conditions and destruction due to a tornado. The "Enhanced Fujita Scale" was established in 2007, said. While Doppler radar was utilized by the military in the 1940s and by air travel starting in the early 1950s, it wasn't until Dick Doviak moved to Oklahoma in 1971 that the National Severe Storms Laboratory began using the radar to monitor storms, NOAA recalled in his 2021 obituary. population was half the size in 1950 to what it is today. As National Geographic explains, the U.S. There were parts of the country where a powerful tornado could have dropped down, but due to the small population, it may not have even been reported, much less measured. The problem with the F-Scale system, however, was that it required qualified meteorologists and engineers to observe, analyze and report their findings. There wasn't a way to calculate the wind speed in or around the funnel unless it happened to mow over a tool that measured it. So, no scale existed for storms prior to that data, NOAA says. The Fujita Scale wasn't introduced until 1971, which ranked tornadoes by how much they destroyed. In fact, it lacks all of the meteorological standards today. Looking at the track record of tornadoes from the 1950s through the 1980s lacks the same scientific standards used to measure tornadoes. The problem with the data, they explain, is that it's woefully inadequate. National Geographic explains that there's no real evidence that shows there are a greater number of tornadoes happening in the United States either. ![]() The leaps in both technology and detection have changed so drastically that there simply isn't enough information to reasonably conclude Tornado Alley has "shifted." The report never explains why there are nine years missing in their data. There is not enough data available to chart all of the tornadoes between 19 to compare to tornadoes from 1989 to 2019. ![]() They plotted them all on a map, but only looked at "a large outbreak defined as a day when eight or more counties experience tornadoes of strength EF-1 or higher." Scientific America crafted an attempt at trying to explain that somehow Tornado Alley was shifting, but it takes into account only They collected all of the data of tornado outbreaks from 1950-1980 and put it in one data set and large tornado outbreaks from 1989-2019. Mayfield, Kentucky, in particular, was completely devastated. 10, 2021 outbreak, however, set the record for the most tornadoes in the winter, with 71 confirmed tornadoes in 24 hours. 16, 2023 outbreak in which a tornado touched down in eastern Iowa. When the two air masses come together they create the conditions ripe for tornadoes and severe storms to form. With it, the warm moist air coming from the Gulf of Mexico clashes again with cool dry air coming from the Arctic. In the winter months the Jet Stream shifts, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) says. In the middle of the country, storms tend to break out more in the spring. Those three included a mother and her 2-year-old son. Six people were killed, including three who were sheltering in a trailer. Over the weekend, Tennessee had a tornado outbreak that spun an EF-2 and EF3 tornado, which brought with them 111-135 mph winds and 136-165 mph winds respectively. The evidence shows it isn't what you might think. There are also questions about how climate change is bringing more deadly outbreaks year-round. Another winter of storms breaking out across the southeastern United States is reviving the conversation about the "movement" of the so-called "Tornado Alley," which is what the central U.S.
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